Innovation for Economy and Society †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theInnovation for Economy and Society. Answer: Introduction In this particular essay, proper emphasis has been given on global perspective on innovation that demonstrates the learning from the module in wide areas (Wirtz et al. 2016). The current segment demonstrates the knowledge as well as understanding of the importance of creativity and innovation at levels such as national, industrial, social, economic as well as developmental aspects in and across all types of organization, be it private, public, large and small organization as well as not-for-profit sectors. The present segment elucidates the formulation as well as articulating proper arguments based on the theory for explaining innovation activity in the selected topic through use of personal study in a professional manner. The study properly highlights the key innovation goals as well as components of the innovation process in and across the organization so that theories can be properly applied in practical course of action (Spieth, Schneckenberg and Ricart 2014). Role of Innovation in the Economy and Society Innovation is essential at all stages of development that specifies the creation as well as diffusion of technologies that affect the overall economic growth and welfare of the society in and across all present economies (Souto 2015). To explain, there are various types of innovation that play a major role at different stages. Hence, in earlier stages, incremental innovation is used for adopting foreign technology. Here, there are emerging opportunities for gaining successful innovation in a potentially framework used for development. Some of the opportunities even results as there are rise in information as well as communication technologies that develops the global value chains. There is an increased significance for some of the emerging countries who make use of global innovation system where the growth of service-based economies are easy to trade as well as use of foreign direct investment. Therefore, it is a challenging task to understand the innovation policy that takes place i n the emerging countries that will help in encouraging inclusive growth as well as support research after addressing the main social challenges. Global Perspective on Innovation Innovation is the procedure of making development by introducing impressive new as well as acts of pioneering something new or something new introduced. In other words, innovation is the method for interpreting new ideas into tangible communal impact where it introduces something new in the given scenario. Furthermore, Innovation is hard to describe but is even harder to attain in given period of time. Innovation is a global phenomenon that helps in sharing the facts and figures (McCann and Ortega-Argils 2013). Nowadays, business enterprises are under huge pressure by other activity that offers same or related invention or service. Here, innovation is one of the processes that are used for transforming the new ideas as well as new information into new products and services. Gummesson (2014) describe innovation as an activity that leads to new producing task as well as new product. There behavior is further divided into several steps and these are as follows: Introducing a new product by the entrepreneur where they should create by introducing a new product that can be easily sold and not obtainable in the marketplace (Lyasnikov et al. 2014). Introducing a new technique of manufacture where improvement offers a new system of invention through obtainable inputs that leads to an augmented production that decreased cost per unit as well as introducing new inputs and alter of existing ones. Strategy for Innovation in Global Perspective Innovation is the factor that is important for economic as well as social development that is increasingly in the globalized world (Kindstrm and Kowalkowski 2014). Addition to that, high levels of investment in research as well as innovation that is critical for economic competitiveness that brings unique improvements in getting better quality of life. Furthermore, it is the innovative competition that takes place for enhancing over the environment improvement, quality as well as productivity in growing emerging technologies. In that case, the tactical strategy used will help in developing in the scientific field of innovation after taking initiatives for succeeding as well as introducing new resources. It needs continuous improvement for developing ways for managing the level of innovation in a competitive world. On analysis, it is noted that open innovation had received a lot of attention especially in the business management as well as policy discussions (Hutter et al. 2014). Evidences are provided as it provides detailed insights on selecting the best practices of open innovation of companys innovation strategies. There has been increased importance noted in the open innovation that is present on a global scale that is known as global innovation networks as well as uses internationally comparable data for future analysis purpose. It is necessary to understand the importance of various indicators that is present in the existing data on research and development investments, data on licensing as well as innovation survey data and patent data in the most appropriate way. Innovation starts with examining the various opportunities under global perspective. It mainly starts with the seven chances for improvement. These are mentioned in the section such as unanticipated proceedings, disagreements in the procedure, necessities of the procedure (the requirement for a new procedure), and unanticipated changes in trade or market arrangement, demographic alter, modification in awareness, significance and new information (Hollifield, Martin and Orrenius 2014). Here, Innovation is a theoretical and perceptual action. The second crucial of the improvement is to go out and see, ask and hear. Furthermore, flourishing innovators work systematically on the query what should the originality be like in order to please a chance. It is where they go out and looks the clientele/users and they find out what are their prospect, their principles as well as needs. On the contrary, improvement, in order to become flourishing, should be easy as well as alert. Managing scientific improvement or innovation and connected rule and plan issues have been a main attributes in the current competitive world. The study mainly depicts an interdisciplinary learning and conversation on the running of innovation and technical change in a global framework from a selection of perspective that includes planned, decision-making, behavioral, and rule issues. There are many popular themes based on innovation that need proper attention that serve the wide-range that best interests of society as well as global purpose of the technical innovation; the realism of the research on technological advance accomplishment to promote achievement and fiscal enlargement; the socio-technical confront behind originality and inspiration that may prevail over the advantages as well as innovative principles or practices or perspectives on gaining insights of understanding of the technological innovation. It has been cited by most of famous scholars and practitioners in and acr oss the world who has proper knowledge on innovation, administration and rule strategy that help to bring improvement of strategies in the near future (Frana et al. 2017). The first step is Need Seekers where business enterprise focus on being first to carry innovative products to marketplace after conducting research and development activities where the efforts is mainly getting straight, practical input from clientele. It is where they engage dynamically present as well as possible clientele for shaping innovative products as well as services and processes (Drucker 2014). The next step is the Market Readers where they distinguish themselves by other preferences for incremental modification and termed under best followers in the society. In other words, it is necessary to watch the markets by carefully examining the situation as well as maintaining a more careful framework focusing on creating principles through incremental modification (Chesbrough 2013). Furthermore, Technology Drivers focus on knowledge onward advance to originality, where there is less concerned with direct client input into the procedure. Therefore, it is needed to follow the way recommended by their technical ability, leveraging their speculation in process as well as knowledge to force get through improvement or incremental modification. It is important to consider the fact that there has been enhanced role of innovation that is present for economic as well as social development where government explains innovation for translating new products as well as techniques (Borrs and Edquist 2014). It is where society helps in meeting the global challenges in the 21st century. It was integrated with the fact where innovation has given as top priority in most of the developing nations. Therefore, important efforts are invested at the time of preparing the nation for European Union association national legislation is being modified to EU legislation in all areas enclosed by EU law, EU principles are adopted in financial, supporting and communal areas and complete parallel improvement of the public management are conducted. Furthermore, it is known fact that most of the Government officials as well as observer have documented this realism and have called for a range of unusual substantive incentives for inspiring originality. There are various core circumstances that facilitate innovation as well as support financial expansion. The first condition that enables innovation is strong standards as well as effectual enforcement especially of intellectual possessions safety. There is dynamic opposition present in the contestable markets where there is strong and sustainable essential research conducted after looking at the development infrastructure in an effective way. Strong emphasis has been given to education at all levels for future analysis purpose (Boons and Ldeke-Freund 2013). Innovation and intellectual property ever more control the financial system. With advancement of technology, there is no firm present that has the possessions that standalone in many ways as well as collaborates with activities that is an essential that need proper attention in the current competitive world (Bagautdinova et al. 2014). As far as new business models are concerned, it has been developed for understanding the intellectual possessions as well as sharing in its value at the same time. Hence, Competition can be considered as one of the critical driver of performance as well as innovation. Furthermore, it will be advantageous for everyone that enables for selecting from a selection of exceptional products at reasonably priced prices. It is the opposition that supports the acceptance of improvement where business organization develop as well as tender innovative ideas that will help in flourishing in the global marketplace. Addition to that, fair as well as open competition are engaged where the best product wins as well as market forces to prevail in the current marketplace (Baden-Fuller and Haefliger 2013). Addition to that, there is intense competition that prevails in the business firms that actually works best for achieving the optimum prices, quality as well as services rendered to the consumers. Hence, it can be stated that Competition help in stimulating innovation. Furthermore, Competition between the business firms will help in looking at the level of innovation by getting innovative products as well as efficient process in the most appropriate way. Business Firms tries hard to occupy the topmost position so that they can achieve profits in the upcoming financial year (Adams et al. 2015). Most of the Com panies need to invent lower cost developed procedure, thus increasing their proceeds and enhancing their aptitude to struggle. Therefore, Competition will help business firms for identifying the needs as well as expectations of the consumers for developing in the new products or services to satisfy within the course of time. Conclusion At the end of the study, it is concluded that innovation represent an activity that help in creating a new product or service or enhancing existing product or service. There is different classification of innovation that is used in production that starts with enhancing of a particular product or services in the current competitive world. The above analysis explains the significance as well as definition of innovation from the global perspective. From the perspective of customers, the term innovation means products that they get with better excellence as well as better services that can change their life in better way. From the standpoint of business, the term innovation means sustainable expansion as well as expansion and realization of growth earnings. From the perspective of employees, the term innovation means new as well as interesting job that need mental power and consequences in higher salaries. From the perspective of whole financial system, the term improvement depicts in ga ining efficiency as well as level of prosperity. Reference List Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D. and Overy, P., 2015. Sustainability?oriented innovation: a systematic review.International Journal of Management Reviews. Baden-Fuller, C. and Haefliger, S., 2013. Business models and technological innovation.Long range planning,46(6), pp.419-426. Bagautdinova, N.G., Galieva, G.T., Pakhmutov, Y.O. and Pratchenko, O.V., 2014. Methods of regulation of processes of innovation business development.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,5(12), p.75. Boons, F. and Ldeke-Freund, F., 2013. Business models for sustainable innovation: state-of-the-art and steps towards a research agenda.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, pp.9-19. Borrs, S. and Edquist, C., 2014. Education, training and skills in innovation policy.Science and Public Policy, p.scu043. Chesbrough, H., 2013.Open business models: How to thrive in the new innovation landscape. Harvard Business Press. Drucker, P., 2014.Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Frana, C.L., Broman, G., Robrt, K.H., Basile, G. and Trygg, L., 2017. An approach to business model innovation and design for strategic sustainable development.Journal of Cleaner Production,140, pp.155-166. Gummesson, E., 2014. Commentary on The role of innovation in driving the economy: Lessons from the global financial crisis.Journal of Business Research,67(1), pp.2743-2750. Hollifield, J., Martin, P. and Orrenius, P., 2014.Controlling immigration: A global perspective. Stanford University Press. Hutter, M., Knoblauch, H., Rammert, W. and Windeler, A., 2015. Innovation society today. The reflexive creation of novelty.Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung, pp.30-47. Kindstrm, D. and Kowalkowski, C., 2014. Service innovation in product-centric firms: A multidimensional business model perspective.Journal of Business Industrial Marketing,29(2), pp.96-111. Lyasnikov, N.V., Dudin, M.N., Sekerin, V.D., Veselovsky, M.Y. and Aleksakhina, V.G., 2014. The national innovation system: the conditions of its making and factors in its development. McCann, P. and Ortega-Argils, R., 2013. Modern regional innovation policy.Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society,6(2), pp.187-216. Souto, J.E., 2015. Business model innovation and business concept innovation as the context of incremental innovation and radical innovation.Tourism Management,51, pp.142-155. Spieth, P., Schneckenberg, D. and Ricart, J.E., 2014. Business model innovationstate of the art and future challenges for the field.RD Management,44(3), pp.237-247. Wirtz, B.W., Pistoia, A., Ullrich, S. and Gttel, V., 2016. Business models: Origin, development and future research perspectives.Long Range Planning,49(1), pp.36-54.

Keynesian Theory And The New Deal Essays - Economy,

Keynesian Theory and the New Deal The crash of the stock market brought many hard times. Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal was a way to fix these times. John Stuart Mill and John Maynard Keynes were two economists whose economic theories greatly influenced and helped Franklin D. Roosevelt devise a plan to rescue the United States from the Great Depression it had fallen into. John Stuart Mill was a strong believer of expanded government, which the New Deal provided. John Maynard Keynes believed in supply and demand, which the New Deal used to stabilize the economy. Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal is the plan that brought the U.S. out of the Great Depression. It was sometimes thought to be an improvised plan, but was actually very thought out. Roosevelt was not afraid to involve the central government in addressing the economic problem. The basic plan was to stimulate the economy by creating jobs. First Roosevelt tried to help the economy with the National Recovery Administration. The NRA spread work and reduced unfair competitive practices by cooperation in industry. Eventually the NRA was declared unconstitutional. Franklin D. Roosevelt then needed a new plan. Keeping the same idea of creating jobs he made many other organizations devoted to forming jobs and in turn helping the economy. One of those organizations was the Civilian Conservation Corps. This corps took men off the streets and paid them to plant forests and drain swamps. Another of these organizations was the Public Works Administration. This organization employed men to build highways and public buildings. These were only some of the organizations dedicated to creating jobs. Creating jobs was important because it put money in the hands of the consumer. This directly affected the supply and demand. The more money they had the more they could spend. This would slowly start a chain reaction and bring the economy back to the way it was before the depression. By the end of the 1930's this plan had lowered unemployment to 17.2%. To make these organizations it was going to take money. Roosevelt had to deficit spend, which is when the government spends more than their budget in one year, in order to obtain this money. Of course these ideas of supply and demand and active government didn't just come to him. He was influenced by John Maynard Keynes and John Stuart Mill. There philosophies were the basis of the New Deal. John Stuart Mill, who began studying economics at age 13, was one of the most influential political thinkers of the mid-Victorian period. He believed in empiricism and utilitarianism. Empiricism is the belief that legitimate knowledge comes only from experience. Utilitarianism is the belief by which things are judged right or wrong. It is judged according to their consequences. In a way he was a hypocrite. When the economy was good he believed in Laisezz-Faire, which means "hands off." If the economy was bad, though, he believed in an extended role of government. This simply meant that the government should take part in the economy and try to make it better. The New Deal was a very active government plan because it had the government working directly to make jobs and fix the economy. Mill died in 1873 and would never had a chance to talk to Franklin D. Roosevelt. In a press conference Franklin D. Roosevelt once said, "I brought down several books by English economists and leading American economists, I suppose I must have read different articles by fifteen different experts."(Schlesinger, Pg.650) This writing indirectly steered Roosevelt towards a plan which expanded the role of government. Mill gave Franklin D. Roosevelt the basis of the plan, but it needed to be elaborated on. John Maynard Keynes was the man to do this. John Maynard Keynes, one of the most influential economists of the 20th century. For many years he was an active voice in economics. In 1929 he wrote We Can Conquer Unemployment and in 1930 he wrote his Treatise on Money. Ten years before he died he wrote his General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Above all he believed in supply and demand. This was an indirect way to let the economy balance itself. In

Realism and Non-governmental organizations essays

Realism and Non-governmental organizations essays The contemporary political world has existed relatively unchanged since the ratification of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. Under this system, states and their leaders became the ultimate decision-makers in the world. For hundreds of years, this system has provided a guideline for the behavior of states. The need for a more formal state system came as the world became more closely linked. Even if the system has not changed, the world in which exists has transformed since 1648. One of the major forces working and creating pressure to change the system is globalization and the interdependency. The purpose of regimes and international organizations is to supplement governmental power to provide additional support and stability. A non-governmental organization is any group of people relating to each other regularly in some formal manner and engaging in collective action, provided that the activities are non-commercial, non-violent and are not on behalf of a government (Baylis hierarchical dualism of the Westphalian system because it was an empirical reality, reinforced by the absence of any significant international actors capable of autonomous action (Falk, 138). Nevertheless, according to Hobbes, a covenant without swords are but mere words, and thus any decisions made without the force to back them are nothing more than writing on paper. States are the only significant actors in the system; in spite of that, non-government organizations attempt to create change within the system. Most of the times, NGOs seek a role in order to alleviate some of the negative features that results when governments make decisions, but globalization-from-above has strong positive consequences and potentialities (Falk, 139). It is impossible to make every person happy. The best that can be done is to try to create a favor...

Assignment 2 Database Modeling and Normalization

It really depends on the person style, specifications they are looking for, trust in the brand, and the depth of their pockets, how much a person is willing to spend for example on a that high definition led plasma television that is 52 inches. No matter the cost, businesses want to keep a track of the sales of their employees and how much they are getting paid. In this case a high-end electronics store wants to streamline data processing to enable them to help determine the commissions paid to employees. Assignment 2- Database Modeling and Normalization Streamlining processes allows information to be available to users across the system. In order for the finance department to be able to find the commission paid to employee’s information that maybe held by other departments such as human resources will be needed. Once the database is complete and has all the information such as: employee first and last name, employee ID, yearly salary, commission rate, department, etc, the finance department can then being to generate that information. In this case a query is designed to allow the finance department to determine commissions paid to employees of specific departments. That code will be compared to the code that would show how much total compensation is paid to each employee monthly. Lastly it will be described how Big Data could be used to assist in productivity and forecasting of organizations product and resources. Methods After information is gathered about the employee; most of what was mentioned before, and input into the system a query can be designed to pull that information from the tables. In order to pull information from tables the SELECT function is used to determine the information that is needed and the FROM function tells from what tables to pull it (Coronel, Morris Rob, 2012). The coding that was used to find information on commissions paid to employees was: SELECT Employee. * FROM Employee, Invoice WHERE (DepartmentID =2); The asterisk next to employees indicates that all the information under the employee table was used to generate the search. In this query information was pulled from the employee and invoice tables. The WHERE function more specifically states the department which can be changed and it would generate new information. The query currently only shows employee commission information for employees who work in department two (see attachment). If the finance department wanted to find the total compensation paid to each employee in the same month as the first query a slightly different query would be run to generate that information. The first code simply pulled the information and did not include and computation because the finance department only requested to be able to determine as in pull up the record for employee’s commission paid. The second code will include computation which will divide the yearly salary by twelve months then multiples the commission rate by the total amount of product sold and lastly add those two numbers together to get the total compensation for that month. Unfortunately the coding that I am using is not generating a proper result. However, it should look something like this: SELECT Employee. EmpNumber, Employee. EmpFirstName, Employee. EmpLastName, Employee. YrlySalary, Invoice. InvAmount, Invoice. InvDate, Employee. CommissionRate FROM Employee INNER JOIN Invoice ON Employee. EmpNumber = Invoice. EmpNumber WHERE (DepartmentID=2);, it is missing the computation part. Big Data could be used to assist in productivity and forecasting of organizations product and resources because it takes â€Å"large pools of data that can be brought together and analyzed to discern patterns and make better decisions†. It â€Å"enhanc[es] productivity and creat[es] significant value for the world economy by reducing waste and increasing the quality of products and services (Mcguire, 2012). Additionally, Big Data adds â€Å"value by making information transparent†¦ â€Å"store more transactional data in digital form†, and develop the next generation of products and services† (Mcguire, 2012). That last aspect of Big Data allows â€Å"manufacturers are using data obtained from sensors embedded in products to create innovative after-sales service offerings such as proactive maintenance to avoid failures in new products (Mcguire, 2012). References Coronel, C. , Morris, S. , Rob, P. (2012). Database systems. (10th ed. ). Independence, KY: Cengage. Mcguire, T. (2012, July). Why big data is the new competitive advantage. Retrieved from http://www. iveybusinessjournal. com/topics/strategy/why-big-data-is-the-new-competitive-advantage Appendix A Appendix B | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Lions Clubs international Public Relations Plan Assignment

Lions Clubs international Public Relations Plan - Assignment Example Additionally, this public relations plan will set about assisting the Lions Club International with achieving issues highlighted in its Strategic Plan though by strengthening its public relations communications and creating a greater awareness of the organisations achievements in the community. As Cutlip et al (200) recommend the plan has as its core aim to strategically position Lions Clubs International in high visibility outlets which will serve to increase the understanding and image of Lions Clubs International. In 1917, an insurance agent from Chicago by the name of Melvin Jones, understanding the potential of a unified purpose, conceived of the notion of joining many small independent service organisations under one umbrella to provide "Service to Humanity" (LCI 2005, screen1). From its humble beginnings the Lions Club International (LCI) has grown to become the largest service club in the world with a membership of almost 1.4 million people in 197 countries united to provide "service without personal reward" ("Lions Fact" 2005, PDF 4). LCI is devoid of political or religious affiliation; this autonomy has allowed the organization to concentrate on developing programming true to its mission and vision without a distinction being drawn in regard to "race, creed, nationality, religion or politics." Upon its initial expansion within the United States in 1919, a member from Denver Colorado suggested that the LCI not only represented "fraternity, good fellowship, strength of character and purpose", but in envisioning the use of the name LIONS as an acronym created what he saw as a more exact definition of citizenship: "Liberty, Intelligence, Our Nation's Safety" which was adopted as the club's slogan. The motto as stated above is "We serve." (LCI 2005, screen1). Since it's beginnings in 1917 LCI has spread globally. Spreading from the United States to Canada in 1920, the club then expanded to China, Mexico and Cuba in 1926/7. The spread to Central and South America began in 1936. Australia saw its first Lions Club in 1947, and the following year clubs throughout Europe were established. In 1952 the first club in Japan was chartered, and by the 1960's LCI formed clubs in Africa. After 40 years LCI was truly a global organisation with membership on every continent. LCI in Britain began in 1950. Queen Elizabeth had sent an emissary to Canada to thank the Canadian Lions for sending money to assist the children orphaned during the World War II blitz. The Windsor Ontario LCI hosted the first British Club which was chartered on March 1, 1950 in London. The charter President of this first club was Lord Leconfield. The clubs soon spread throughout Britain and the rest of the UK. Glasgow saw the

Lions Clubs international Public Relations Plan Assignment

Lions Clubs international Public Relations Plan - Assignment Example Additionally, this public relations plan will set about assisting the Lions Club International with achieving issues highlighted in its Strategic Plan though by strengthening its public relations communications and creating a greater awareness of the organisations achievements in the community. As Cutlip et al (200) recommend the plan has as its core aim to strategically position Lions Clubs International in high visibility outlets which will serve to increase the understanding and image of Lions Clubs International. In 1917, an insurance agent from Chicago by the name of Melvin Jones, understanding the potential of a unified purpose, conceived of the notion of joining many small independent service organisations under one umbrella to provide "Service to Humanity" (LCI 2005, screen1). From its humble beginnings the Lions Club International (LCI) has grown to become the largest service club in the world with a membership of almost 1.4 million people in 197 countries united to provide "service without personal reward" ("Lions Fact" 2005, PDF 4). LCI is devoid of political or religious affiliation; this autonomy has allowed the organization to concentrate on developing programming true to its mission and vision without a distinction being drawn in regard to "race, creed, nationality, religion or politics." Upon its initial expansion within the United States in 1919, a member from Denver Colorado suggested that the LCI not only represented "fraternity, good fellowship, strength of character and purpose", but in envisioning the use of the name LIONS as an acronym created what he saw as a more exact definition of citizenship: "Liberty, Intelligence, Our Nation's Safety" which was adopted as the club's slogan. The motto as stated above is "We serve." (LCI 2005, screen1). Since it's beginnings in 1917 LCI has spread globally. Spreading from the United States to Canada in 1920, the club then expanded to China, Mexico and Cuba in 1926/7. The spread to Central and South America began in 1936. Australia saw its first Lions Club in 1947, and the following year clubs throughout Europe were established. In 1952 the first club in Japan was chartered, and by the 1960's LCI formed clubs in Africa. After 40 years LCI was truly a global organisation with membership on every continent. LCI in Britain began in 1950. Queen Elizabeth had sent an emissary to Canada to thank the Canadian Lions for sending money to assist the children orphaned during the World War II blitz. The Windsor Ontario LCI hosted the first British Club which was chartered on March 1, 1950 in London. The charter President of this first club was Lord Leconfield. The clubs soon spread throughout Britain and the rest of the UK. Glasgow saw the

Lions Clubs international Public Relations Plan Assignment

Lions Clubs international Public Relations Plan - Assignment Example Additionally, this public relations plan will set about assisting the Lions Club International with achieving issues highlighted in its Strategic Plan though by strengthening its public relations communications and creating a greater awareness of the organisations achievements in the community. As Cutlip et al (200) recommend the plan has as its core aim to strategically position Lions Clubs International in high visibility outlets which will serve to increase the understanding and image of Lions Clubs International. In 1917, an insurance agent from Chicago by the name of Melvin Jones, understanding the potential of a unified purpose, conceived of the notion of joining many small independent service organisations under one umbrella to provide "Service to Humanity" (LCI 2005, screen1). From its humble beginnings the Lions Club International (LCI) has grown to become the largest service club in the world with a membership of almost 1.4 million people in 197 countries united to provide "service without personal reward" ("Lions Fact" 2005, PDF 4). LCI is devoid of political or religious affiliation; this autonomy has allowed the organization to concentrate on developing programming true to its mission and vision without a distinction being drawn in regard to "race, creed, nationality, religion or politics." Upon its initial expansion within the United States in 1919, a member from Denver Colorado suggested that the LCI not only represented "fraternity, good fellowship, strength of character and purpose", but in envisioning the use of the name LIONS as an acronym created what he saw as a more exact definition of citizenship: "Liberty, Intelligence, Our Nation's Safety" which was adopted as the club's slogan. The motto as stated above is "We serve." (LCI 2005, screen1). Since it's beginnings in 1917 LCI has spread globally. Spreading from the United States to Canada in 1920, the club then expanded to China, Mexico and Cuba in 1926/7. The spread to Central and South America began in 1936. Australia saw its first Lions Club in 1947, and the following year clubs throughout Europe were established. In 1952 the first club in Japan was chartered, and by the 1960's LCI formed clubs in Africa. After 40 years LCI was truly a global organisation with membership on every continent. LCI in Britain began in 1950. Queen Elizabeth had sent an emissary to Canada to thank the Canadian Lions for sending money to assist the children orphaned during the World War II blitz. The Windsor Ontario LCI hosted the first British Club which was chartered on March 1, 1950 in London. The charter President of this first club was Lord Leconfield. The clubs soon spread throughout Britain and the rest of the UK. Glasgow saw the